Thursday, November 4, 2010
Tuesday, September 28, 2010
More abour UDSN
Paricular Cases for UDSN
Idioms and Expressions: will be treated as group of words with only one semantic id:
56342 could mean: |listen up|_1 or simply |listen up| (idiom "listen up", meaning number 1).
Note that the use of | delimiter (or any other agreed-upon delimiter) is required for idioms and expressions in UDSN.
Quotations and Escapes: could be treated as idioms and expressions: delimited likewise, but with a meaning id of 0 (zero): |"Some quoted text that is impossible to translate to USDN or escaped for a while. Maybe because the original author is dead or other reasons - like laziness."|_0.
Note that the id of 0 is also required as it signifies that the meaning is undefined at the text's TRP.
More on TRP:
Advantages of UDSN:
Idioms and Expressions: will be treated as group of words with only one semantic id:
56342 could mean: |listen up|_1 or simply |listen up| (idiom "listen up", meaning number 1).
Note that the use of | delimiter (or any other agreed-upon delimiter) is required for idioms and expressions in UDSN.
Quotations and Escapes: could be treated as idioms and expressions: delimited likewise, but with a meaning id of 0 (zero): |"Some quoted text that is impossible to translate to USDN or escaped for a while. Maybe because the original author is dead or other reasons - like laziness."|_0.
Note that the id of 0 is also required as it signifies that the meaning is undefined at the text's TRP.
More on TRP:
- Any TRP should provide the meaning definitions written in UDSN.
- Any multiple-language TRP version should have unique semantic id for the same meaning in all languages. e.g.: word_1 in English has id of say 9387, same as mot_1 in French.
- Any multiple-language TRP version should have same ordinal meanings for every word in all languages. e.g.: word_x in English has the same meaning as mot_x in French.
Advantages of UDSN:
- Any word, sentence, paragraph, or text should become uniquely-defined as semantic value.That is to say: without ambiguities.
- An official/public text will increase its clarity and transparency.
- Less conflict due to misunderstandings. Fewer jobs for lawyers ;)
- The text will be ready to be consumed by artificial intelligence or automated processors.
- The text will have an uniquely-defined translation into other languages. Ready for correct automated translation.
- Time-consuming composition and/or notation.
- Errors may appear in the process of notation.
Sunday, September 26, 2010
Proposed Uniquely-Defined Semantic Notation (UDSN)
The law was written long,long ago.
When we consult the dictionary for a word we read and don't understand, we often times are presented with a list of choices for "disambiguation". Then we have to use heuristics to choose the definition. This method does not guarantee that we are looking at the definition the author intended...
In the following I will propose a simple semantic notation that prepares a text for automatic consumption or easy referencing.
Let us take the present-day example of reference for the word "law/Law": we can get it from http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Law+%28disambiguation%29
and we are presented with about 40 valid choices (and counting). A heuristic search for the most fit definition is certainly prone to error...
The obvious solution is to write the text using not words but rather semantic values. First we should try to make such notation human readable, optional and terse.
Let us consider a trusted reference provider (TRP): say site http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com. The TRP has to maintain reference to the previous versions of their site and direct link to the semantic values that should resemble URLs of the following format:
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/version_4623/semantic_id_887432
so we have access to the semantic value (SV) of a word at the time the word was used (if version 4623 was used by text author)
In this case, a uniquely-defined semantical text sentence would look like:
TRP: http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com, version 4623
3467 876545 23453 4476778 84577 2867, 2867 253534.
That is to say: a string of semantic ids with syntactic signs (or sugar).
Note that the TRP heading is necessary for shortening the full semantic coordinates ([876545, 4623, TRP] for the second SV in the sentence) and implies that the whole sentence was authored with the same TRP. We will maintain the same supposition for texts of any length.
Next step is to make the text human-readable. Since the content and the order of meanings of every word does not change at the TRP inside the same version, we should be able to find an equivalent for every semantic id of the form:
semantic id = (word, word meaning ordinal) e.g.
876545 = law, 2 - that is to say: the word "law", second meaning. In our case, considering TRP version 4623 to be the actual version of http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com, would point us to http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Religious+law.
To translate our text to this human-readable form:
3467 876545 23453 4476778 84577 2867, 2867 253534. =
The_1 law_2 was_1 written_1 sometime_2 long_4, long_4 ago_1.
For the first meaning (ordinal 1), we can drop the additional notation thus:
The law_2 was written sometime_2 long_4, long_4 ago.
And instead of underscore-number, we may adopt another style, perhaps even a stylesheet class in CSS if the text is in XML/HTML. So:
The law2 was written sometime2 long4, long4 ago.
Much easier to read. Furthermore, one should be able to define the style of the defined class as invisible, that will bring us to the rendered form:
The law was written sometime long , long ago.
Therefore, an uniquely-defined semantic notation text of:
TRP: http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com, version 4623
3467 876545 23453 4476778 84577 2867, 2867 253534.
may become equivalent to:
TRP: http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com, version 4623
The law2 was written sometime2 long4, long4 ago.
with the option of not seeing the notation, but only placeholders (the placeholders may in turn become reference links for obscure meanings):
The law was written sometime long , long ago.
When we consult the dictionary for a word we read and don't understand, we often times are presented with a list of choices for "disambiguation". Then we have to use heuristics to choose the definition. This method does not guarantee that we are looking at the definition the author intended...
In the following I will propose a simple semantic notation that prepares a text for automatic consumption or easy referencing.
Let us take the present-day example of reference for the word "law/Law": we can get it from http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Law+%28disambiguation%29
and we are presented with about 40 valid choices (and counting). A heuristic search for the most fit definition is certainly prone to error...
The obvious solution is to write the text using not words but rather semantic values. First we should try to make such notation human readable, optional and terse.
Let us consider a trusted reference provider (TRP): say site http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com. The TRP has to maintain reference to the previous versions of their site and direct link to the semantic values that should resemble URLs of the following format:
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/version_4623/semantic_id_887432
so we have access to the semantic value (SV) of a word at the time the word was used (if version 4623 was used by text author)
In this case, a uniquely-defined semantical text sentence would look like:
TRP: http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com, version 4623
3467 876545 23453 4476778 84577 2867, 2867 253534.
That is to say: a string of semantic ids with syntactic signs (or sugar).
Note that the TRP heading is necessary for shortening the full semantic coordinates ([876545, 4623, TRP] for the second SV in the sentence) and implies that the whole sentence was authored with the same TRP. We will maintain the same supposition for texts of any length.
Next step is to make the text human-readable. Since the content and the order of meanings of every word does not change at the TRP inside the same version, we should be able to find an equivalent for every semantic id of the form:
semantic id = (word, word meaning ordinal) e.g.
876545 = law, 2 - that is to say: the word "law", second meaning. In our case, considering TRP version 4623 to be the actual version of http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com, would point us to http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Religious+law.
To translate our text to this human-readable form:
3467 876545 23453 4476778 84577 2867, 2867 253534. =
The_1 law_2 was_1 written_1 sometime_2 long_4, long_4 ago_1.
For the first meaning (ordinal 1), we can drop the additional notation thus:
The law_2 was written sometime_2 long_4, long_4 ago.
And instead of underscore-number, we may adopt another style, perhaps even a stylesheet class in CSS if the text is in XML/HTML. So:
The law2 was written sometime2 long4, long4 ago.
Much easier to read. Furthermore, one should be able to define the style of the defined class as invisible, that will bring us to the rendered form:
The law was written sometime long , long ago.
Therefore, an uniquely-defined semantic notation text of:
TRP: http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com, version 4623
3467 876545 23453 4476778 84577 2867, 2867 253534.
may become equivalent to:
TRP: http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com, version 4623
The law2 was written sometime2 long4, long4 ago.
with the option of not seeing the notation, but only placeholders (the placeholders may in turn become reference links for obscure meanings):
The law was written sometime long , long ago.
Saturday, August 14, 2010
Piece of Land
Last couple of days, I had a couple of discussions with my friends. Some asked: "Where could we find a piece of land, so we can claim it as belonging to our new nation?".
Of course, we need even more than claim it as a new country, we need to be able to guard it, defend it even by the use of arms... Otherwise other nations will conquer it...
Couple of suggestions that come to my mind:
Please feel free to add your own as comment or link to your own post. Thank you.
Of course, we need even more than claim it as a new country, we need to be able to guard it, defend it even by the use of arms... Otherwise other nations will conquer it...
Couple of suggestions that come to my mind:
- build a raft, boat, yacht, island
- occupy a piece of land in a war zone or buffer
- discover an uncharted isle or territory
- change some country's constitution as to allow for territorial changes, occupy the free land
Please feel free to add your own as comment or link to your own post. Thank you.
Thursday, June 17, 2010
Asylum
I believe that a Nation of 1 should be able to provide temporary or permanent asylum to any foreign citizens, therefore the Constitution should have optional provisions for the case the Nation of 1 becomes Nation of n, with n > 1. Would be useful to tag these optional laws though...
In the case of n > 1, the roles of the citizens with respect to the state may be different and unequal.
In the case of n > 1, the roles of the citizens with respect to the state may be different and unequal.
Nations of 1 Project
I will begin development of a versioned Constitution template and other tools in a Mercurial repository. Hosted by Google Code. go to No1 Proj.
Minimal Law
As Nations of 1 begin to exist there must be a lawful institutions that can guarantee that other Nations or citizens of other Nations will not interfere with the sovereignty or in any way abuse a Nation of 1.
A Nation of 1 is the extreme of minarchy, but when a Nation of 1 tries but cannot escape the abuse of other Nations, there should be a minimal set of laws that the Nation of 1 recognizes and includes into it's published and versioned constitution, set of laws that should be used for judging any trial with the Nation of 1 as party. In other words: only the laws adhered by in the Nation of 1 should be used for passing judgment in a Nation of 1 trial. It is the responsibility of the Nation to keep a sufficient set of laws published in such a way as to guard its life, liberty, and property and to abide to such laws.
This advocates and requires polycentric law in order to be implemented.
A Nation of 1 is the extreme of minarchy, but when a Nation of 1 tries but cannot escape the abuse of other Nations, there should be a minimal set of laws that the Nation of 1 recognizes and includes into it's published and versioned constitution, set of laws that should be used for judging any trial with the Nation of 1 as party. In other words: only the laws adhered by in the Nation of 1 should be used for passing judgment in a Nation of 1 trial. It is the responsibility of the Nation to keep a sufficient set of laws published in such a way as to guard its life, liberty, and property and to abide to such laws.
This advocates and requires polycentric law in order to be implemented.
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